Mozambique energy mix & electricity
Electricity generation in Mozambique reached 19.8 TWh in 2024. The supply is almost entirely hydropower, which accounted for 82.4% of generation; natural gas made up most of the remainder (15.8%).
Electricity generation by source in 2024
Share of electricity generation by source, with the change in percentage points over the last ten years.
| Source | TWh | Share | 10-yr Δ pp |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hydro | 16.3 | 82.4% | −16.3 |
| Gas | 3.13 | 15.8% | +14.5 |
| Oil | 0.15 | 0.8% | +0.7 |
| Bioenergy | 0.13 | 0.7% | +0.7 |
| Solar | 0.08 | 0.4% | +0.4 |
| Total | 19.79 | 100% |
Mozambique: electricity in context
Electricity generation in Mozambique reached 19.8 TWh in 2024. That is similar to Zambia. The supply is almost entirely hydropower, which accounted for 82.4% of generation; natural gas made up most of the remainder (15.8%).
The renewable share stood at 83.4%, placing Mozambique 25th of 158 ranked countries (in the top quarter). This puts it 50 points above the world average of 33.8%. It is also above the average for Africa (24.7%). Generating one kWh emits about 129 g CO₂e here (world average: 458 g). That is a very low-carbon power system. On carbon intensity, Mozambique ranks 29th of 158 from the cleanest.
Since 2014, the fastest-growing source has been natural gas: its output rose by 2.9 TWh, lifting its share by 14.5 percentage points. The net effect: renewables lost 15.2 percentage points of share since 2014. Total generation grew by 3.4 TWh over the same period. Carbon intensity, however, rose from 32 to 129 g/kWh (+300%).
Coal has never been part of the power mix in Mozambique in any meaningful way.
Wind and solar remain marginal in Mozambique, together supplying under 1% of electricity.
Mozambique generates 571 kWh of electricity per resident each year, 15% of the global average. Mozambique is a net exporter, selling 3.3 TWh more electricity abroad than it imports (20% of domestic demand).
How the power mix has changed
Electricity generation by source since 2000. Switch to shares to see the structural shift independent of demand growth.
Renewables and carbon intensity
Mozambique against the world and Africa averages.
Total energy: beyond electricity
Primary energy covers transport, heating and industry too. Per person, that is 1,697 kWh a year (world: 21,654).
Domestic extraction of coal, gas and oil, in energy terms.
Power plants in Mozambique
The WRI Global Power Plant Database lists 3 utility-scale plants in Mozambique with a combined capacity of 2.3 GW. Hydro plants account for the largest slice (100% of listed capacity). The biggest single plant is Cahora Bassa (2,075 MW, Hydro). The database was last updated in 2021, so newer wind and solar farms and rooftop PV are under-represented.
Largest power plants
| # | Plant | Fuel | Capacity MW | Commissioned | Owner |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cahora Bassa | Hydro | 2,075 | 1974 | — |
| 2 | Corumana | Hydro | 166 | 1988 | — |
| 3 | Chicamba | Hydro | 44 | 1959 | — |
Source: WRI Global Power Plant Database v1.3 (CC BY 4.0). Explore all 3 plants on the interactive power plant map.
Solar & wind farms: Mozambique
30 utility-scale facilities tracked by Global Energy Monitor (2026): 111 MW of solar and 0 MW of wind operating, plus 13.7 GW under construction or planned.
How does Mozambique compare?
Mozambique next to 6 neighbouring countries, plus regional and world averages. Click a column to sort; use “Compare” for full side-by-side charts.
| Country | Renewable % | Low-carbon % | Fossil % | gCO₂/kWh | kWh / person | Generation TWh | Mix | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mozambique | 83.4% | 83.4% | 16.6% | 129 | 571 | 19.8 | — | |
| Malawi | 95.6% | 95.6% | 4.4% | 55 | 85 | 1.8 | Compare | |
| Zimbabwe | 57.1% | 57.1% | 42.9% | 384 | 617 | 10.3 | Compare | |
| Zambia | 87.5% | 87.5% | 12.5% | 120 | 925 | 19.7 | Compare | |
| Eswatini | 96.7% | 96.7% | 3.3% | 131 | 491 | 0.6 | Compare | |
| Tanzania | 32.9% | 32.9% | 67.1% | 345 | 129 | 8.8 | Compare | |
| South Africa | 13.6% | 17.8% | 82.2% | 699 | 3,749 | 243 | Compare | |
| Africa average | 24.7% | 25.5% | 74.5% | 544 | 635 | 962 | Compare | |
| World average | 33.8% | 42.6% | 57.4% | 458 | 3,860 | 31,772 | Compare |
Calculators for Mozambique
Mozambique energy: frequently asked questions
What percentage of electricity in Mozambique is renewable?
What is the main source of electricity in Mozambique?
How clean is the electricity in Mozambique?
Does Mozambique have nuclear power?
How much electricity does Mozambique use per person?
How much solar power does Mozambique produce?
Does Mozambique import electricity?
More countries in Africa
Sources & references
- Our World in Data: Energy dataset (CC BY 4.0) — compiled from the sources below
- Ember: Yearly Electricity Data — generation, shares, carbon intensity
- Energy Institute: Statistical Review of World Energy — primary energy, fossil production
- U.S. Energy Information Administration: International Energy Data — gap-filling for smaller countries
- World Resources Institute: Global Power Plant Database v1.3 (CC BY 4.0) — power plant locations and capacity
Electricity data: Ember and Energy Institute Statistical Review via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0); latest year 2024. Power plants: WRI Global Power Plant Database (CC BY 4.0). Rankings exclude systems under 1 TWh and values older than 2020. Figures may be revised by the original publishers.