Sudan energy mix & electricity
Power plants in Sudan produced 14.8 TWh of electricity in 2024. Hydropower dominates the mix with 77.9%, followed by oil at 20.3%.
Electricity generation by source in 2024
Share of electricity generation by source, with the change in percentage points over the last ten years.
| Source | TWh | Share | 10-yr Δ pp |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hydro | 11.5 | 77.9% | +0.6 |
| Oil | 3 | 20.3% | −1.3 |
| Solar | 0.16 | 1.1% | +1 |
| Bioenergy | 0.11 | 0.7% | −0.3 |
| Total | 14.77 | 100% |
Sudan: electricity in context
Power plants in Sudan produced 14.8 TWh of electricity in 2024. That puts it in the same league as Slovenia. Hydropower dominates the mix with 77.9%, followed by oil at 20.3%.
79.7% of the country’s power came from renewable sources: 27th of 158 countries (in the top quarter). That is 46 points above the world average of 33.8%. It is also above the average for Africa (24.7%). The carbon intensity of electricity is 154 g CO₂e/kWh; the global average is 458 g/kWh. That makes the grid comfortably cleaner than the global average. In the cleanest-grid ranking, Sudan is 37th of 158.
The decade’s big winner is hydropower, up 2.7 TWh between 2014 and 2024 (plus 0.6 percentage points of the mix). The net effect: renewables gained 1.3 percentage points of share since 2014. Total generation grew by 3.4 TWh over the same period.
Coal has essentially never been burned for electricity here: its share has stayed below 1% throughout the record.
Solar (1.1%) and wind (0%) now add up to 1.1% of generation; the global figure is 17.3%.
Generation per person is 293 kWh a year, 8% of the world average of 3,860 kWh. Sudan is a net importer of electricity, buying 800 GWh more than it sells, about 5% of its demand.
How the power mix has changed
Electricity generation by source since 2000. Switch to shares to see the structural shift independent of demand growth.
Renewables and carbon intensity
Sudan against the world and Africa averages.
Total energy: beyond electricity
Primary energy covers transport, heating and industry too. Per person, that is 1,801 kWh a year (world: 21,654).
Domestic extraction of coal, gas and oil, in energy terms.
Power plants in Sudan
The 19 power plants recorded in Sudan add up to 2.8 GW of capacity, 55% of it Hydro. The largest is Merowe at 1,250 MW. The database was last updated in 2021, so newer wind and solar farms and rooftop PV are under-represented.
Largest power plants
| # | Plant | Fuel | Capacity MW | Commissioned | Owner |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Merowe | Hydro | 1,250 | — | — |
| 2 | Khartoum North | Oil | 351 | — | — |
| 3 | El Jaili | Gas | 319 | — | — |
| 4 | Kilo-X Dit | Oil | 260 | — | — |
| 5 | Roseires | Hydro | 234 | — | — |
| 6 | White Nile State | Biomass | 100 | — | — |
| 7 | Kenana | Oil | 50 | — | — |
| 8 | Port Sudan | Oil | 38 | — | — |
| 9 | Kilo-X Nec | Oil | 34 | — | — |
| 10 | Melut Sugar Factory | Biomass | 26 | — | — |
| 11 | Kuku | Oil | 23 | — | — |
| 12 | Nyala | Oil | 16 | — | — |
| 13 | Jebel Aulia Dam | Hydro | 15 | — | — |
| 14 | Jebel Aulia Dam | Hydro | 15 | — | — |
| 15 | Atbara | Oil | 15 | — | — |
Source: WRI Global Power Plant Database v1.3 (CC BY 4.0). Explore all 19 plants on the interactive power plant map.
Solar & wind farms: Sudan
9 utility-scale facilities tracked by Global Energy Monitor (2026): 67 MW of solar and 0 MW of wind operating, plus 200 MW under construction or planned.
How does Sudan compare?
Sudan next to 6 neighbouring countries, plus regional and world averages. Click a column to sort; use “Compare” for full side-by-side charts.
| Country | Renewable % | Low-carbon % | Fossil % | gCO₂/kWh | kWh / person | Generation TWh | Mix | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sudan | 79.7% | 79.7% | 20.3% | 154 | 293 | 14.8 | — | |
| South Sudan | 1.8% | 1.8% | 98.2% | 643 | 47 | 0.6 | Compare | |
| Eritrea | 11.1% | 11.1% | 88.9% | 578 | 127 | 0.5 | Compare | |
| Ethiopia | 100% | 100% | 0% | 23 | 246 | 33.4 | Compare | |
| Chad | 5.4% | 5.4% | 94.6% | 622 | 18 | 0.4 | Compare | |
| Egypt | 13% | 13% | 87% | 563 | 2,076 | 246 | Compare | |
| Libya | 0% | 0% | 100% | 827 | 4,686 | 34.6 | Compare | |
| Africa average | 24.7% | 25.5% | 74.5% | 544 | 635 | 962 | Compare | |
| World average | 33.8% | 42.6% | 57.4% | 458 | 3,860 | 31,772 | Compare |
Calculators for Sudan
Sudan energy: frequently asked questions
What percentage of electricity in Sudan is renewable?
What is the main source of electricity in Sudan?
How clean is the electricity in Sudan?
Does Sudan have nuclear power?
How much electricity does Sudan use per person?
How much solar power does Sudan produce?
Does Sudan import electricity?
More countries in Africa
Sources & references
- Our World in Data: Energy dataset (CC BY 4.0) — compiled from the sources below
- Ember: Yearly Electricity Data — generation, shares, carbon intensity
- Energy Institute: Statistical Review of World Energy — primary energy, fossil production
- U.S. Energy Information Administration: International Energy Data — gap-filling for smaller countries
- World Resources Institute: Global Power Plant Database v1.3 (CC BY 4.0) — power plant locations and capacity
Electricity data: Ember and Energy Institute Statistical Review via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0); latest year 2024. Power plants: WRI Global Power Plant Database (CC BY 4.0). Rankings exclude systems under 1 TWh and values older than 2020. Figures may be revised by the original publishers.