Global overview · latest data 2025 · 214 countries

World energy mix & electricity

In 2025, the world generated 31.77 PWh of electricity. Coal was the largest source (33%), followed by natural gas (21.8%) and hydropower (14%). Renewables supplied 33.8%, and low-carbon sources including nuclear 42.6%.

Coal 33%Gas 21.8%Hydro 14%Nuclear 8.8%Solar 8.7%Wind 8.5%Oil 2.6%Bioenergy 2.2%

Renewable electricity

33.8%

+10.8 pp in 10 yrs

Low-carbon incl. nuclear

42.6%

Carbon intensity

458g/kWh

Electricity per person

3,860kWh

Generation

31.77PWh

+7.77 PWh vs 2015

Electricity by source in 2025

World electricity mix 2025

Source	TWh	Share	10-yr Δ pp
Coal	10,472	33%	−5.7
Gas	6,921	21.8%	−1.3
Hydro	4,435	14%	−2.2
Nuclear	2,812	8.8%	−1.7
Solar	2,779	8.7%	+7.7
Wind	2,713	8.5%	+5.1
Oil	842	2.6%	−2.1
Bioenergy	710	2.2%	+0.3
Other renewables	89	0.3%	0

World in context

Since 2015, solar power has grown the most (+2.52 PWh), followed by wind power (+1.88 PWh). Oil declined by 292 TWh over the same period. The renewable share rose by 10.8 percentage points over the decade. Average carbon intensity is 458 g CO₂e/kWh, down 75 g from 2015. Coal’s share peaked at 40.8% in 2007 and stands at 33% today.

Across the region, Albania has the highest renewable share (100%) and Libya the lowest (0%). The three largest producers, China, United States, and India, account for about 54% of all generation worldwide, so their choices largely set the regional trend.

Electricity generation since 1985

Electricity generation by source

Renewables and carbon intensity

Renewable share of electricity (%)

Carbon intensity (g CO₂e/kWh)

Solar and wind share since 2000 (%)

Primary energy consumption

All energy used across transport, heat, industry and power. Fossil fuels supply 81.3% and renewables 14.8% of the total.

Primary energy by source (TWh, substitution method)

All countries ranked by renewable share

Sorted by renewable share of electricity; click any column to re-sort. Small systems below 1 TWh are listed here but left out of the world rankings.

#	Country	Renewable %	Low-carbon %	gCO₂/kWh	kWh / person	Generation TWh
1	Albania	100%	100%	25	2,987	8.3
2	Bhutan	100%	100%	24	13,897	11
3	Central African Republic	100%	100%	0	27	0.1
4	Costa Rica	100%	100%	24	2,486	12.8
5	DR Congo	100%	100%	28	146	15.9
6	Ethiopia	100%	100%	23	246	33.4
7	Iceland	100%	100%	28	48,424	19.1
8	Lesotho	100%	100%	21	0	0
9	Nepal	100%	100%	24	375	11.1
10	Paraguay	100%	100%	25	6,467	45.4
11	Norway	99%	99%	28	28,598	161
12	Uruguay	97.8%	97.8%	80	3,528	11.9
13	Namibia	97.6%	97.6%	49	541	1.6
14	Uganda	97.1%	97.1%	59	116	5.8
15	Eswatini	96.7%	96.7%	131	491	0.6
16	Malawi	95.6%	95.6%	55	85	1.8
17	Sierra Leone	95.2%	95.2%	48	24	0.2
18	Tajikistan	94.4%	94.4%	73	2,287	24.7
19	Luxembourg	91.6%	91.6%	123	2,263	1.5
20	Denmark	91.2%	91.2%	114	5,548	33.3
21	Venezuela	91.1%	91.1%	86	2,821	80.1
22	Kenya	90%	90%	95	244	14
23	New Zealand	88.5%	88.5%	93	8,252	43.3
24	Zambia	87.5%	87.5%	120	925	19.7
25	Belize	87.2%	87.2%	170	1,127	0.5
26	Afghanistan	86.9%	86.9%	131	23	1
27	Brazil	86.6%	88.7%	110	3,527	751
28	El Salvador	86.5%	86.5%	139	1,015	6.5
29	Kyrgyzstan	84.7%	84.7%	153	2,163	15.8
30	Austria	83.6%	83.6%	117	8,034	73.2
31	Mozambique	83.4%	83.4%	129	571	19.8
32	Greenland	83.3%	83.3%	150	10,740	0.6
33	Portugal	81%	81%	128	4,911	51.1
34	Sudan	79.7%	79.7%	154	293	14.8
35	Georgia	79.6%	79.6%	146	3,546	13.5
36	Ecuador	79.4%	79.4%	159	2,001	36.6
37	Lithuania	77.6%	77.6%	138	3,141	8.9
38	Colombia	77%	77%	187	1,691	90.4
39	Laos	76.7%	76.7%	232	6,733	52.3
40	Croatia	76.3%	76.3%	159	3,820	14.7
41	Montenegro	75.6%	75.6%	264	3,888	2.5
42	Burundi	75.5%	75.5%	184	35	0.5
43	Guinea	75.2%	75.2%	181	273	4
44	Angola	73.7%	73.7%	185	412	15.6
45	Cameroon	73.1%	73.1%	226	249	7.3
46	Latvia	73%	73%	139	3,383	6.3
47	Sweden	71.2%	98.8%	35	16,019	171
48	Guatemala	68.3%	68.3%	301	858	15.8
49	Panama	68%	68%	221	2,974	13.4
50	Switzerland	67.8%	97.7%	39	7,251	65
51	Chile	66.4%	66.4%	289	4,456	88.5
52	French Guiana	65.3%	65.3%	245	3,230	1
53	Canada	63.9%	77%	191	16,259	652
54	Peru	63.7%	63.7%	238	1,748	60.4
55	Fiji	63.5%	63.5%	278	1,238	1.2
56	North Korea	63.4%	63.4%	341	1,023	27.1
57	Nicaragua	62.4%	62.4%	301	654	4.5
58	Sri Lanka	61.6%	61.6%	329	743	17.3
59	Estonia	59.6%	59.6%	319	4,545	6.1
60	Germany	59.1%	59.1%	330	5,953	500
61	Zimbabwe	57.1%	57.1%	384	617	10.3
62	Réunion	56.7%	56.7%	394	3,509	3.1
63	Finland	56.5%	96.3%	57	14,635	82.3
64	Spain	55.9%	74.6%	154	6,012	288
65	Honduras	55.4%	55.4%	322	1,153	12.5
66	Liberia	54.4%	54.4%	316	102	0.6
67	Suriname	52.9%	52.9%	322	2,743	1.7
68	United Kingdom	52%	64.4%	217	4,203	292
69	Netherlands	51.2%	54.2%	254	7,356	135
70	Cook Islands	50%	50%	250	2,909	0
71	Greece	49.7%	49.7%	315	5,863	58.3
72	Rwanda	49.6%	49.6%	354	79	1.1
73	Italy	48.8%	48.8%	285	4,475	265
74	Ireland	48.1%	48.1%	257	5,831	31
75	Myanmar	47.9%	47.9%	503	398	21.7
76	North Macedonia	47.2%	47.2%	441	3,760	6.8
77	Romania	47%	67.5%	251	2,634	49.8
78	Faroe Islands	46.9%	46.9%	347	8,952	0.5
79	Vietnam	45.4%	45.4%	461	3,051	310
80	Lebanon	43.8%	43.8%	390	920	5.3
81	Samoa	43.8%	43.8%	375	734	0.2
82	Bosnia and Herzegovina	43.6%	43.6%	571	4,599	14.4
83	Türkiye	43.3%	43.3%	475	4,036	354
84	Pakistan	42.7%	54.9%	347	764	195
85	Madagascar	42.4%	42.4%	432	76	2.4
86	Cambodia	40.9%	40.9%	499	995	17.8
87	Slovenia	39.6%	78.9%	183	7,010	14.8
88	Palestine	39.4%	39.4%	414	180	1
89	Armenia	39%	65.9%	212	3,292	9.7
90	Belgium	38.9%	72%	150	6,199	72.9
91	Australia	38.6%	38.6%	525	10,615	286
92	China	37%	41.7%	525	7,474	10,583
93	Ghana	36.2%	36.2%	469	705	24.3
94	Bolivia	36.1%	36.1%	481	1,083	13.6
95	Gabon	35.4%	35.4%	523	1,024	2.6
96	Guadeloupe	35.3%	35.3%	497	4,435	1.7
97	Hungary	35.3%	75.3%	163	4,178	40.2
98	Djibouti	35%	35%	450	171	0.2
99	French Polynesia	34.7%	34.7%	431	2,555	0.7
100	Argentina	34.6%	41.6%	346	3,340	153
101	Tanzania	32.9%	32.9%	345	129	8.8
102	Bulgaria	32.8%	71.9%	276	5,653	38
103	Poland	31.5%	31.5%	589	4,543	173
104	Nigeria	31.3%	31.3%	456	175	41.5
105	Cabo Verde	30.8%	30.8%	462	991	0.5
106	Macau	30.8%	30.8%	474	1,083	0.8
107	Togo	29.6%	29.6%	423	84	0.7
108	Côte d'Ivoire	28.9%	28.9%	405	338	10.8
109	Serbia	27.8%	27.8%	696	5,475	36.6
110	Cyprus	27.8%	27.8%	489	4,312	5.9
111	New Caledonia	26.9%	26.9%	561	10,661	3.1
112	Equatorial Guinea	26.8%	26.8%	644	787	1.5
113	France	26.1%	94.9%	41	8,552	570
114	Martinique	25.8%	25.8%	530	4,364	1.5
115	United States	25.6%	43%	384	13,015	4,520
116	Kiribati	25%	25%	500	297	0
117	Vanuatu	25%	25%	500	250	0.1
118	Jordan	24.1%	24.1%	530	2,049	23.7
119	India	24.1%	26.7%	670	1,422	2,082
120	Morocco	24%	24%	596	1,158	44.5
121	Dominican Republic	23.8%	23.8%	537	1,969	22.7
122	Papua New Guinea	23.7%	23.7%	514	447	4.7
123	Japan	23.6%	32.7%	477	8,366	1,030
124	Philippines	23.3%	23.3%	588	1,054	123
125	Mexico	23.1%	25.9%	474	2,705	357
126	Mauritania	22.7%	22.7%	512	400	2.1
127	Somalia	20.9%	20.9%	512	23	0.4
128	Republic of the Congo	20.9%	20.9%	716	862	5.5
129	Malaysia	20.7%	20.7%	602	5,589	201
130	Nauru	20%	20%	600	4,178	0.1
131	Senegal	19.8%	19.8%	540	412	7.6
132	Mali	19.5%	19.5%	539	243	6
133	Uzbekistan	19.4%	19.4%	1,000	2,340	86.7
134	Slovakia	18.7%	85.2%	95	5,315	29.1
135	Haiti	18.6%	18.6%	535	73	0.9
136	Indonesia	18.1%	18.1%	680	1,311	372
137	Mauritius	17.9%	17.9%	642	2,683	3.4
138	Russia	17.4%	35.7%	450	8,283	1,193
139	Burkina Faso	17.2%	17.2%	562	72	1.7
140	Aruba	17%	17%	550	9,253	1
141	Israel	16.9%	16.9%	493	8,627	82.1
142	Czechia	16.8%	59.2%	401	7,116	75.5
143	Thailand	16.6%	16.6%	546	2,628	188
144	Ukraine	16.4%	72.2%	250	2,717	112
145	Malta	16%	16%	484	4,015	2.2
146	Seychelles	15.9%	15.9%	556	4,830	0.6
147	Kazakhstan	14.9%	14.9%	805	5,934	124
148	Tonga	14.3%	14.3%	571	672	0.1
149	South Africa	13.6%	17.8%	699	3,749	243
150	Dominica	13.3%	13.3%	600	2,255	0.2
151	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	13.3%	13.3%	600	1,491	0.2
152	Egypt	13%	13%	563	2,076	246
153	Jamaica	12.6%	12.6%	563	1,733	4.9
154	Taiwan	12.2%	13.4%	633	12,478	288
155	Azerbaijan	12.1%	12.1%	632	2,702	28.1
156	Yemen	11.2%	11.2%	592	129	5.3
157	Moldova	11.2%	11.2%	633	2,056	6.2
158	Eritrea	11.1%	11.1%	578	127	0.5
159	São Tomé and Príncipe	11.1%	11.1%	556	390	0.1
160	South Korea	10.4%	40%	417	12,090	625
161	Solomon Islands	9.1%	9.1%	636	134	0.1
162	Barbados	9%	9%	595	3,930	1.1
163	United Arab Emirates	8.8%	31.7%	468	16,075	177
164	Saint Kitts and Nevis	8.7%	8.7%	609	4,908	0.2
165	Guam	8.6%	8.6%	608	11,085	1.9
166	Mongolia	8.4%	8.4%	816	2,755	9.7
167	Antigua and Barbuda	8.1%	8.1%	595	3,945	0.4
168	Maldives	7.1%	7.1%	612	1,611	0.9
169	Puerto Rico	6.4%	6.4%	655	6,265	20.3
170	American Samoa	5.6%	5.6%	611	3,847	0.2
171	Singapore	5.5%	5.5%	497	10,246	60.2
172	Chad	5.4%	5.4%	622	18	0.4
173	Belarus	4.8%	41.4%	309	5,154	46.4
174	Oman	4.5%	4.5%	544	9,617	52.8
175	Cayman Islands	4.2%	4.2%	634	9,533	0.7
176	Qatar	4.1%	4.1%	582	18,030	56.2
177	Tunisia	4%	4%	560	1,807	22.3
178	Cuba	4%	4%	643	1,770	19.4
179	Benin	4%	4%	584	70	1
180	Iran	3.8%	5.7%	660	4,283	396
181	Turks and Caicos Islands	3.7%	3.7%	630	5,799	0.3
182	Syria	3.5%	3.5%	706	1,008	24.9
183	Niger	3.2%	3.2%	674	35	1
184	United States Virgin Islands	2.9%	2.9%	632	7,934	0.7
185	Guyana	2.9%	2.9%	645	1,661	1.4
186	Saint Lucia	2.5%	2.5%	650	2,225	0.4
187	Kuwait	2.2%	2.2%	635	18,402	92.5
188	Saudi Arabia	2.2%	2.2%	692	13,386	455
189	Bangladesh	2.1%	2.1%	696	589	103
190	South Sudan	1.8%	1.8%	643	47	0.6
191	Bermuda	1.6%	1.6%	639	9,434	0.6
192	Iraq	1.6%	1.6%	683	3,252	150
193	Algeria	1.1%	1.1%	633	2,058	96.4
194	Hong Kong	1%	1%	675	5,049	37.4
195	Bahamas	0.9%	0.9%	653	5,607	2.3
196	Botswana	0.3%	0.3%	851	1,361	3.4
197	Bahrain	0.3%	0.3%	902	23,615	38
198	Brunei	0.2%	0.2%	892	12,016	5.6
199	Trinidad and Tobago	0.1%	0.1%	682	6,334	9.6
200	Turkmenistan	0%	0%	1,306	4,405	33
201	Libya	0%	0%	827	4,686	34.6
202	British Virgin Islands	0%	0%	647	4,358	0.2
203	Comoros	0%	0%	643	165	0.1
204	Falkland Islands	0%	0%	1,000	2,859	0
205	Gambia	0%	0%	667	185	0.5
206	Gibraltar	0%	0%	591	5,591	0.2
207	Grenada	0%	0%	667	2,048	0.2
208	Guinea-Bissau	0%	0%	625	36	0.1
209	Montserrat	0%	0%	1,000	2,266	0
210	Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha	0%	0%	1,000	1,881	0
211	Saint Pierre and Miquelon	0%	0%	600	8,761	0.1
212	Timor-Leste	0%	0%	667	364	0.5
213	Western Sahara	0%	0%	667	228	0.1

World energy: frequently asked questions

What share of electricity worldwide is renewable?

33.8% in 2025: hydro 14%, solar 8.7%, wind 8.5%, and bioenergy 2.2%.

What is the largest source of electricity worldwide?

Coal, with 33% of generation in 2025.

What is the carbon intensity of electricity worldwide?

About 458 g CO₂-equivalent per kWh in 2025.

How much electricity is generated per person worldwide?

About 3,860 kWh per person per year (2025).

How much electricity worldwide comes from solar and wind?

Solar supplied 8.7% and wind 8.5% in 2025, 17.3% combined, up from 4.5% ten years earlier.

Other regions & groups

Africa 25%Asia 27%Europe 42%North America 29%South America 77%Oceania 41%European Union (EU-27) 48%High-income countries 31%Upper-middle-income countries 34%Lower-middle-income countries 26%Low-income countries 64%

Sources & references

Our World in Data: Energy dataset (CC BY 4.0) — compiled from the sources below
Ember: Yearly Electricity Data — generation, shares, carbon intensity
Energy Institute: Statistical Review of World Energy — primary energy, fossil production
U.S. Energy Information Administration: International Energy Data — gap-filling for smaller countries