Country energy profile · Western Asia · latest data 2025

Azerbaijan energy mix & electricity

In 2025, Azerbaijan generated 28.1 TWh of electricity. The supply is almost entirely natural gas, which accounted for 87.6% of generation; hydropower made up most of the remainder (11.5%).

Gas 87.6%Hydro 11.5%

Renewable electricity

12.1%

12.1% low-carbon incl. nuclear

#127 of 158

Carbon intensity

632g/kWh

World 458 g

#128 of 158 cleanest

Electricity per person

2,702kWh

World 3,860 kWh

#89 of 158

Generation

28.1TWh

+3.5 TWh vs 2015

#75 of 213

Net exports

0.92TWh

3% of demand

#29 of 45 exporters

Electricity generation by source in 2025

Share of electricity generation by source, with the change in percentage points over the last ten years.

Azerbaijan electricity mix 2025

Source	TWh	Share	10-yr Δ pp
Gas	24.61	87.6%	+1.1
Hydro	3.22	11.5%	+4.9
Bioenergy	0.1	0.4%	0
Wind	0.09	0.3%	+0.3
Oil	0.07	0.2%	−6.3
Total	28.09	100%

Azerbaijan: electricity in context

In 2025, Azerbaijan generated 28.1 TWh of electricity. That is similar to Slovakia. The supply is almost entirely natural gas, which accounted for 87.6% of generation; hydropower made up most of the remainder (11.5%).

The renewable share stood at 12.1%, placing Azerbaijan 127th of 158 ranked countries (in the bottom quarter). This puts it 22 points below the world average of 33.8%. It is also below the average for Asia (27.3%). The carbon intensity of electricity is 632 g CO₂e/kWh; the global average is 458 g/kWh. That makes it one of the more carbon-intensive grids in the world. On carbon intensity, Azerbaijan ranks 128th of 158 from the cleanest.

Since 2015, the fastest-growing source has been natural gas: its output rose by 3.4 TWh, lifting its share by 1.1 percentage points. Measured by share of the mix, hydropower gained most, up 4.9 percentage points. Meanwhile oil lost the most ground, down 1.5 TWh. Taken together, the renewable share rose by 5.2 percentage points over the decade. Total generation grew by 3.5 TWh over the same period. Carbon intensity dropped from 664 to 632 g/kWh, a 5% cut.

Coal has never been part of the power mix in Azerbaijan in any meaningful way.

Wind and solar remain marginal in Azerbaijan, together supplying under 1% of electricity.

Azerbaijan generates 2,702 kWh of electricity per resident each year, 70% of the global average. Azerbaijan is a net exporter, selling 920 GWh more electricity abroad than it imports (3% of domestic demand).

How the power mix has changed

Electricity generation by source since 2000. Switch to shares to see the structural shift independent of demand growth.

Electricity generation by source, 2000–2025

Renewables and carbon intensity

Azerbaijan against the world and Asia averages.

Renewable share of electricity (%)

Carbon intensity (g CO₂e/kWh)

Solar and wind share of electricity since 2000 (%)

Total energy: beyond electricity

Primary energy covers transport, heating and industry too. Renewables supply 4.3% of primary energy and fossil fuels 95.7% (2024). Per person, that is 20,137 kWh a year (world: 21,654).

Primary energy consumption by source (TWh)

Substitution method: non-fossil electricity is converted to the primary energy a fossil plant would have needed.

Fossil fuel production (TWh)

Domestic extraction of coal, gas and oil, in energy terms.

Power plants in Azerbaijan

The WRI Global Power Plant Database lists 14 utility-scale plants in Azerbaijan with a combined capacity of 5.8 GW. Oil plants account for the largest slice (42% of listed capacity). The biggest single plant is Azerbaijan TPP (2,400 MW, Oil). The database was last updated in 2021, so newer wind and solar farms and rooftop PV are under-represented.

Listed capacity by fuel (MW)

Map of the largest plants loads when you scroll here…

Largest power plants

#	Plant	Fuel	Capacity MW	Commissioned	Owner
1	Azerbaijan TPP	Oil	2,400	—	AzerEnerji
2	Janub	Gas	780	2013	AzerEnerji
3	Sumqayit	Gas	525	2009	AzerEnerji
4	Shamkir	Hydro	405	—	AzerEnerji
5	Mingechevir	Hydro	402	1953	AzerEnerji
6	Shimal	Gas	400	2002	AzerEnerji
7	Sangachal ES	Gas	299	2008	AzerEnerji
8	Yenikend	Hydro	150	2000	AzerEnerji
9	Baku TEC	Gas	107	2000	AzerEnerji
10	Baku ES	Gas	105	2007	AzerEnerji
11	Astara ES	Gas	87	2006	AzerEnerji
12	Khachmaz ES	Gas	87	2006	AzerEnerji
13	Varvara	Hydro	16	1957	AzerEnerji
14	Gusar	Hydro	1	2012	AzerEnerji

Source: WRI Global Power Plant Database v1.3 (CC BY 4.0). Explore all 14 plants on the interactive power plant map.

Solar & wind farms: Azerbaijan

36 utility-scale facilities tracked by Global Energy Monitor (2026): 304 MW of solar and 50 MW of wind operating, plus 4.7 GW under construction or planned.

See them on the map Largest solar & wind farms: Azerbaijan →

How does Azerbaijan compare?

Azerbaijan next to 6 neighbouring countries, plus regional and world averages. Click a column to sort; use “Compare” for full side-by-side charts.

Country	Renewable %	Low-carbon %	Fossil %	gCO₂/kWh	kWh / person	Generation TWh
Azerbaijan	12.1%	12.1%	87.9%	632	2,702	28.1	—
Russia	17.4%	35.7%	64.3%	450	8,283	1,193	Compare
Iran	3.8%	5.7%	94.3%	660	4,283	396	Compare
Türkiye	43.3%	43.3%	56.7%	475	4,036	354	Compare
Georgia	79.6%	79.6%	20.4%	146	3,546	13.5	Compare
Armenia	39%	65.9%	34.1%	212	3,292	9.7	Compare
Iraq	1.6%	1.6%	98.4%	683	3,252	150	Compare
Asia average	27.3%	32.1%	67.9%	573	3,749	18,015	Compare
World average	33.8%	42.6%	57.4%	458	3,860	31,772	Compare

Calculators for Azerbaijan

Solar panel outputHow much a rooftop PV system would produce in Baku, using NASA weather data.Prefilled for Baku →Wind turbine energyAnnual energy and capacity factor of a turbine near Baku.Prefilled for Baku →Electricity CO₂Emissions of your electricity use. The grid here averages 632 g/kWh.Calculate emissions →Compare countriesPut Azerbaijan side by side with Russia or up to three others.Open comparator →

Azerbaijan energy: frequently asked questions

What percentage of electricity in Azerbaijan is renewable?

In 2025, 12.1% of the electricity in Azerbaijan came from renewable sources (hydro 11.5%). The world average is 33.8%. Azerbaijan ranks 127th of 158 countries; see the full ranking.

What is the main source of electricity in Azerbaijan?

Natural gas is the largest source of electricity in Azerbaijan, providing 87.6% of generation in 2025, followed by hydropower (11.5%).

How clean is the electricity in Azerbaijan?

Electricity in Azerbaijan has a carbon intensity of about 632 g CO₂-equivalent per kWh (2025), against a world average of 458 g/kWh. That is carbon-intensive. Charging an electric car that uses 15 kWh/100 km therefore emits around 95 g CO₂e per km from electricity.

Does Azerbaijan have nuclear power?

No. Azerbaijan generated no nuclear electricity in 2025; its low-carbon electricity comes entirely from renewable sources (12.1% of generation).

How much electricity does Azerbaijan use per person?

Azerbaijan generates about 2,702 kWh of electricity per person per year (2025), compared with a world average of 3,860 kWh. Including all fuels for transport, heating and industry, primary energy use is about 20,137 kWh per person.

Does Azerbaijan import electricity?

On balance, no: Azerbaijan was a net exporter in 2025, selling 920 GWh more electricity abroad than it bought.

Sources & references

Our World in Data: Energy dataset (CC BY 4.0) — compiled from the sources below
Ember: Yearly Electricity Data — generation, shares, carbon intensity
Energy Institute: Statistical Review of World Energy — primary energy, fossil production
U.S. Energy Information Administration: International Energy Data — gap-filling for smaller countries
World Resources Institute: Global Power Plant Database v1.3 (CC BY 4.0) — power plant locations and capacity

Electricity data: Ember and Energy Institute Statistical Review via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0); latest year 2025. Power plants: WRI Global Power Plant Database (CC BY 4.0). Rankings exclude systems under 1 TWh and values older than 2020. Figures may be revised by the original publishers.