Taiwan energy mix & electricity
Electricity generation in Taiwan reached 288 TWh in 2025. The biggest single contributor is natural gas with 48.8%; coal adds 36.3% and solar power 5.4%.
Electricity generation by source in 2025
Share of electricity generation by source, with the change in percentage points over the last ten years.
| Source | TWh | Share | 10-yr Δ pp |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gas | 141 | 48.8% | +17.5 |
| Coal | 105 | 36.3% | −10.2 |
| Solar | 15.68 | 5.4% | +5.1 |
| Wind | 12.01 | 4.2% | +3.6 |
| Hydro | 5.51 | 1.9% | +0.2 |
| Oil | 4.63 | 1.6% | −3.1 |
| Nuclear | 3.25 | 1.1% | −13 |
| Bioenergy | 2.1 | 0.7% | 0 |
| Total | 288 | 100% |
Taiwan: electricity in context
Electricity generation in Taiwan reached 288 TWh in 2025. That is about 0.9% of the world total, in the same league as Spain. The biggest single contributor is natural gas with 48.8%; coal adds 36.3% and solar power 5.4%.
The renewable share stood at 12.2%, placing Taiwan 126th of 158 ranked countries (in the bottom quarter). That is 22 points below the world average of 33.8%. It is also below the average for Asia (27.3%). The carbon intensity of electricity is 633 g CO₂e/kWh; the global average is 458 g/kWh. This is one of the more carbon-intensive grids in the world. In the cleanest-grid ranking, Taiwan is 131st of 158.
The decade’s big winner is natural gas, up 59.9 TWh between 2015 and 2025 (plus 17.5 percentage points of the mix). Meanwhile nuclear power lost the most ground, down 33.2 TWh. The net effect: renewables gained 8.8 percentage points of share since 2015. Total generation grew by 30.3 TWh over the same period. Carbon intensity dropped from 650 to 633 g/kWh, a 3% cut.
The coal phase-down is well under way: 46.4% of generation in 2015, 36.3% by 2025. In absolute terms, coal generation peaked in 2018 at 134 TWh and has since fallen 22%.
Solar (5.4%) and wind (4.2%) now add up to 9.6% of generation; the global figure is 17.3%. Per person, that is 678 kWh of solar electricity a year, 2× the global average. In solar electricity per person, Taiwan ranks 29th in the world. Wind adds 520 kWh per person, the 29th-highest figure of 156 countries. Solar first passed 1% of the mix in 2019.
Generation per person is 12,478 kWh a year, 3.2× the world average of 3,860 kWh. Taiwan does not trade electricity with other countries: the grid is not interconnected with any neighbour.
How the power mix has changed
Electricity generation by source since 1985. Switch to shares to see the structural shift independent of demand growth.
Renewables and carbon intensity
Taiwan against the world and Asia averages.
Total energy: beyond electricity
Primary energy covers transport, heating and industry too. Renewables supply 6.3% of primary energy and fossil fuels 91.4% (2024). Per person, that is 54,013 kWh a year (world: 21,654).
Substitution method: non-fossil electricity is converted to the primary energy a fossil plant would have needed.
Domestic extraction of coal, gas and oil, in energy terms.
Power plants in Taiwan
The 39 power plants recorded in Taiwan add up to 37.2 GW of capacity, 38% of it Coal. The largest is Taizhong Taichung at 5,500 MW. The database was last updated in 2021, so newer wind and solar farms and rooftop PV are under-represented.
Largest power plants
| # | Plant | Fuel | Capacity MW | Commissioned | Owner |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Taizhong Taichung | Coal | 5,500 | — | — |
| 2 | Dah-Tarn | Gas | 4,380 | — | — |
| 3 | Mailao | Coal | 4,200 | — | — |
| 4 | Hsinta (gas) | Gas | 2,410 | — | — |
| 5 | Hsinta (coal) | Coal | 2,200 | — | — |
| 6 | Kuosheng | Nuclear | 2,040 | — | — |
| 7 | Hsiehho | Oil | 2,000 | — | — |
| 8 | Maanshan | Nuclear | 1,902 | — | — |
| 9 | Tunghsiao | Gas | 1,785 | 1983 | — |
| 10 | Ming-Tan | Hydro | 1,602 | — | — |
| 11 | Ho-Ping power station | Coal | 1,296 | 2002 | Ho-Ping Power Co |
| 12 | Chinshan | Nuclear | 1,272 | — | — |
| 13 | Daguan Erchang | Hydro | 1,000 | 1985 | — |
| 14 | Ming-Hu | Hydro | 1,000 | — | — |
| 15 | Nanpu (NG) | Gas | 800 | — | — |
Source: WRI Global Power Plant Database v1.3 (CC BY 4.0). Explore all 39 plants on the interactive power plant map.
Solar & wind farms: Taiwan
511 utility-scale facilities tracked by Global Energy Monitor (2026): 4.8 GW of solar and 3.5 GW of wind operating, plus 25.4 GW under construction or planned.
How does Taiwan compare?
Taiwan next to 6 neighbouring countries, plus regional and world averages. Click a column to sort; use “Compare” for full side-by-side charts.
| Country | Renewable % | Low-carbon % | Fossil % | gCO₂/kWh | kWh / person | Generation TWh | Mix | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Taiwan | 12.2% | 13.4% | 86.6% | 633 | 12,478 | 288 | — | |
| Hong Kong | 1% | 1% | 99% | 675 | 5,049 | 37.4 | Compare | |
| Macau | 30.8% | 30.8% | 69.2% | 474 | 1,083 | 0.8 | Compare | |
| Philippines | 23.3% | 23.3% | 76.7% | 588 | 1,054 | 123 | Compare | |
| Vietnam | 45.4% | 45.4% | 54.6% | 461 | 3,051 | 310 | Compare | |
| South Korea | 10.4% | 40% | 60% | 417 | 12,090 | 625 | Compare | |
| Laos | 76.7% | 76.7% | 23.3% | 232 | 6,733 | 52.3 | Compare | |
| Asia average | 27.3% | 32.1% | 67.9% | 573 | 3,749 | 18,015 | Compare | |
| World average | 33.8% | 42.6% | 57.4% | 458 | 3,860 | 31,772 | Compare |
Calculators for Taiwan
Taiwan energy: frequently asked questions
What percentage of electricity in Taiwan is renewable?
What is the main source of electricity in Taiwan?
How clean is the electricity in Taiwan?
Does Taiwan use nuclear power?
How much electricity does Taiwan use per person?
How much solar power does Taiwan produce?
More countries in Asia
Sources & references
- Our World in Data: Energy dataset (CC BY 4.0) — compiled from the sources below
- Ember: Yearly Electricity Data — generation, shares, carbon intensity
- Energy Institute: Statistical Review of World Energy — primary energy, fossil production
- U.S. Energy Information Administration: International Energy Data — gap-filling for smaller countries
- World Resources Institute: Global Power Plant Database v1.3 (CC BY 4.0) — power plant locations and capacity
Electricity data: Ember and Energy Institute Statistical Review via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0); latest year 2025. Power plants: WRI Global Power Plant Database (CC BY 4.0). Rankings exclude systems under 1 TWh and values older than 2020. Figures may be revised by the original publishers.