Country energy profile · South-Eastern Asia · latest data 2024

Indonesia energy mix & electricity

Power plants in Indonesia produced 372 TWh of electricity in 2024. Coal dominates the mix with 61.5%, followed by natural gas at 18.5% and hydropower at 7.3%.

Coal 61.5%Gas 18.5%Hydro 7.3%Bioenergy 5.7%Other renewables 4.5%Oil 1.9%

Renewable electricity

18.1%

18.1% low-carbon incl. nuclear

#112 of 158

Carbon intensity

680g/kWh

World 458 g

#142 of 158 cleanest

Electricity per person

1,311kWh

World 3,860 kWh

#112 of 158

Generation

372TWh

+134 TWh vs 2014

#13 of 213

Net imports

0.96TWh

0.3% of demand

#54 of 80 importers

Electricity generation by source in 2024

Share of electricity generation by source, with the change in percentage points over the last ten years.

Indonesia electricity mix 2024

Source	TWh	Share	10-yr Δ pp
Coal	228	61.5%	+11.2
Gas	68.78	18.5%	−7
Hydro	27.29	7.3%	+1
Bioenergy	21.33	5.7%	+1.9
Other renewables	16.77	4.5%	+0.3
Oil	7.12	1.9%	−7.8
Solar	1.35	0.4%	+0.4
Wind	0.47	0.1%	+0.1
Total	372	100%

Indonesia: electricity in context

Power plants in Indonesia produced 372 TWh of electricity in 2024. That is about 1.2% of the world total, in the same league as Mexico. Coal dominates the mix with 61.5%, followed by natural gas at 18.5% and hydropower at 7.3%.

The renewable share stood at 18.1%, placing Indonesia 112th of 158 ranked countries. That is 16 points below the world average of 33.8%. It is also below the average for Asia (27.3%). Generating one kWh emits about 680 g CO₂e here (world average: 458 g). This is one of the more carbon-intensive grids in the world. In the cleanest-grid ranking, Indonesia is 142nd of 158.

Over the past decade coal added more generation than any other source (+109 TWh since 2014, plus 11.2 percentage points of share). Meanwhile oil lost the most ground, down 15.9 TWh. The net effect: renewables gained 3.6 percentage points of share since 2014. Total generation grew by 134 TWh over the same period.

Unusually, coal is gaining ground: its share is up 11.2 percentage points since 2014, now at 61.5%.

Wind and solar have barely started in Indonesia: combined, they produce less than 1% of the power.

Generation per person is 1,311 kWh a year, 34% of the world average of 3,860 kWh. Imports and exports roughly cancel out.

How the power mix has changed

Electricity generation by source since 1985. Switch to shares to see the structural shift independent of demand growth.

Electricity generation by source, 1985–2024

Renewables and carbon intensity

Indonesia against the world and Asia averages.

Renewable share of electricity (%)

Carbon intensity (g CO₂e/kWh)

Solar and wind share of electricity since 2000 (%)

Total energy: beyond electricity

Primary energy covers transport, heating and industry too. Renewables supply 11% of primary energy and fossil fuels 89% (2024). Per person, that is 10,529 kWh a year (world: 21,654).

Primary energy consumption by source (TWh)

Substitution method: non-fossil electricity is converted to the primary energy a fossil plant would have needed.

Fossil fuel production (TWh)

Domestic extraction of coal, gas and oil, in energy terms.

Power plants in Indonesia

The 178 power plants recorded in Indonesia add up to 48.8 GW of capacity, 60% of it Coal. The largest is PLTU Paiton I Unit 7 & 8 at 5,355 MW. The database was last updated in 2021, so newer wind and solar farms and rooftop PV are under-represented.

Listed capacity by fuel (MW)

Map of the largest plants loads when you scroll here…

Largest power plants

#	Plant	Fuel	Capacity MW	Commissioned	Owner
1	PLTU Paiton I Unit 7 & 8	Coal	5,355	—	PT. Paiton Energy Corp
2	PLTU Suralaya	Coal	3,400	—	PLN -.PT Indonesia Power
3	PLTGU Gresik	Gas	1,579	—	PLN – Java Bali Generation Unit / PT. PJB
4	PLTU Tanjung Jati B - expansion	Coal	1,324	—	PT. Central Java Power (EPC : Korea Midland Power Co)
5	PLTU Tanjung Jati B	Coal	1,320	—	PT. Central Java Power
6	Cilacap Sumber power station	Coal	1,260	2011	Sumber Segara Primadaya
7	PLTGU Priok Block 1 2	Gas	1,180	—	PT. Indonesia Power
8	PLTU Jabar Selatan - Pelabuhan Ratu	Coal	1,050	—	PLN
9	PLTGU Tambak Lorok	Gas	1,034	—	PLN – Indonesia Power
10	CirataI & II	Hydro	1,008	—	PLN - Java Bali Generation Unit / PT. PJB
11	PLTU Jawa Barat - Indramayu	Coal	990	—	PLN + China National Electric Engineering Co. Ltd. (CNEEC)
12	PLTU Banten 3 - Teluk Naga/Lontar	Coal	945	—	PLN + Dongfang Electrik Corp PT Dalle Energy
13	PLTGU Muara Tawar Block 1 &2	Gas	920	—	PT. PJB
14	PLTGU Cilegon	Gas	903	—	PLN Cilegon Generation Unit
15	PLTGU Belawan – Sicanang	Gas	817	—	PLN / KITSUMBAGUT

Source: WRI Global Power Plant Database v1.3 (CC BY 4.0). Explore all 178 plants on the interactive power plant map.

Solar & wind farms: Indonesia

151 utility-scale facilities tracked by Global Energy Monitor (2026): 767 MW of solar and 157 MW of wind operating, plus 10.1 GW under construction or planned.

See them on the map Largest solar & wind farms: Indonesia →

How does Indonesia compare?

Indonesia next to 6 neighbouring countries, plus regional and world averages. Click a column to sort; use “Compare” for full side-by-side charts.

Country	Renewable %	Low-carbon %	Fossil %	gCO₂/kWh	kWh / person	Generation TWh
Indonesia	18.1%	18.1%	81.9%	680	1,311	372	—
Malaysia	20.7%	20.7%	79.3%	602	5,589	201	Compare
Papua New Guinea	23.7%	23.7%	76.3%	514	447	4.7	Compare
Timor-Leste	0%	0%	100%	667	364	0.5	Compare
Brunei	0.2%	0.2%	99.8%	892	12,016	5.6	Compare
Singapore	5.5%	5.5%	94.5%	497	10,246	60.2	Compare
Philippines	23.3%	23.3%	76.7%	588	1,054	123	Compare
Asia average	27.3%	32.1%	67.9%	573	3,749	18,015	Compare
World average	33.8%	42.6%	57.4%	458	3,860	31,772	Compare

Calculators for Indonesia

Solar panel outputHow much a rooftop PV system would produce in Jakarta, using NASA weather data.Prefilled for Jakarta →Wind turbine energyAnnual energy and capacity factor of a turbine near Jakarta.Prefilled for Jakarta →Electricity CO₂Emissions of your electricity use. The grid here averages 680 g/kWh.Calculate emissions →Compare countriesPut Indonesia side by side with Malaysia or up to three others.Open comparator →

Indonesia energy: frequently asked questions

What percentage of electricity in Indonesia is renewable?

In 2024, 18.1% of the electricity in Indonesia came from renewable sources (hydro 7.3%, bioenergy 5.7%, and geothermal & other 4.5%). The world average is 33.8%. Indonesia ranks 112th of 158 countries; see the full ranking.

What is the main source of electricity in Indonesia?

Coal is the largest source of electricity in Indonesia, providing 61.5% of generation in 2024, followed by natural gas (18.5%) and hydropower (7.3%).

How clean is the electricity in Indonesia?

Electricity in Indonesia has a carbon intensity of about 680 g CO₂-equivalent per kWh (2024), against a world average of 458 g/kWh. That is carbon-intensive. Charging an electric car that uses 15 kWh/100 km therefore emits around 102 g CO₂e per km from electricity.

Does Indonesia have nuclear power?

No. Indonesia generated no nuclear electricity in 2024; its low-carbon electricity comes entirely from renewable sources (18.1% of generation).

How much electricity does Indonesia use per person?

Indonesia generates about 1,311 kWh of electricity per person per year (2024), compared with a world average of 3,860 kWh. Including all fuels for transport, heating and industry, primary energy use is about 10,529 kWh per person.

How much solar power does Indonesia produce?

Solar panels produced 1.4 TWh in 2024, 0.4% of the electricity in Indonesia. The solar share is up 0.4 percentage points in ten years. You can estimate what a rooftop system would produce at your address with our solar panel calculator.

Does Indonesia import electricity?

Yes. Indonesia was a net importer in 2024, importing 960 GWh more electricity than it exported.

Sources & references

Our World in Data: Energy dataset (CC BY 4.0) — compiled from the sources below
Ember: Yearly Electricity Data — generation, shares, carbon intensity
Energy Institute: Statistical Review of World Energy — primary energy, fossil production
U.S. Energy Information Administration: International Energy Data — gap-filling for smaller countries
World Resources Institute: Global Power Plant Database v1.3 (CC BY 4.0) — power plant locations and capacity

Electricity data: Ember and Energy Institute Statistical Review via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0); latest year 2024. Power plants: WRI Global Power Plant Database (CC BY 4.0). Rankings exclude systems under 1 TWh and values older than 2020. Figures may be revised by the original publishers.