Turkmenistan energy mix & electricity
In 2024, Turkmenistan generated 33 TWh of electricity. The supply is almost entirely natural gas, which accounted for 100% of generation; hydropower made up most of the remainder (0%).
Electricity generation by source in 2024
Share of electricity generation by source, with the change in percentage points over the last ten years.
| Source | TWh | Share | 10-yr Δ pp |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gas | 33 | 100% | 0 |
| Hydro | 0.01 | 0% | 0 |
| Total | 33.01 | 100% |
Turkmenistan: electricity in context
In 2024, Turkmenistan generated 33 TWh of electricity. That is similar to Denmark. The supply is almost entirely natural gas, which accounted for 100% of generation; hydropower made up most of the remainder (0%).
The renewable share stood at 0%, placing Turkmenistan 157th of 158 ranked countries (in the bottom quarter). This puts it 34 points below the world average of 33.8%. It is also below the average for Asia (27.3%). Each kilowatt-hour emitted on average 1,306 g CO₂e, against a world average of 458 g. Few grids in the world emit more per kilowatt-hour. On carbon intensity, Turkmenistan ranks 158th of 158 from the cleanest.
The decade’s big winner is natural gas, up 12.6 TWh between 2014 and 2024 (plus 0 percentage points of the mix). Overall, the renewable share has barely moved over ten years (a change of under one percentage point).
Coal has never been part of the power mix in Turkmenistan in any meaningful way.
Wind and solar remain marginal in Turkmenistan, together supplying under 1% of electricity.
Turkmenistan generates 4,405 kWh of electricity per resident each year, 1.1 times the global average. Turkmenistan is a net exporter, selling 9 TWh more electricity abroad than it imports (37% of domestic demand).
How the power mix has changed
Electricity generation by source since 2000. Switch to shares to see the structural shift independent of demand growth.
Renewables and carbon intensity
Turkmenistan against the world and Asia averages.
Total energy: beyond electricity
Primary energy covers transport, heating and industry too. Renewables supply 0% of primary energy and fossil fuels 100% (2024). Per person, that is 49,525 kWh a year (world: 21,654).
Substitution method: non-fossil electricity is converted to the primary energy a fossil plant would have needed.
Domestic extraction of coal, gas and oil, in energy terms.
Power plants in Turkmenistan
The WRI Global Power Plant Database lists 7 utility-scale plants in Turkmenistan with a combined capacity of 3.5 GW. Oil plants account for the largest slice (66% of listed capacity). The biggest single plant is Mary Thermal Power Plant Turkmenistan (1,685 MW, Oil). The database was last updated in 2021, so newer wind and solar farms and rooftop PV are under-represented.
Largest power plants
| # | Plant | Fuel | Capacity MW | Commissioned | Owner |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mary Thermal Power Plant Turkmenistan | Oil | 1,685 | — | — |
| 2 | Turkmenbashi Heat and Power Plant Turkmenistan | Oil | 590 | — | — |
| 3 | Abadan Power Plant Turkmenistan | Gas | 371 | — | — |
| 4 | Ashgabat OCGT Power Plant | Gas | 254 | — | — |
| 5 | Dashoguz OCGT Power Plant Turkmenistan | Gas | 254 | — | — |
| 6 | Balkanabat OCGT Power Plant Turkmenistan | Gas | 174 | — | — |
| 7 | Turkmenbashi Oil Refinery OCGT Power Plant Turkmenistan | Gas | 126 | — | — |
Source: WRI Global Power Plant Database v1.3 (CC BY 4.0). Explore all 7 plants on the interactive power plant map.
Solar & wind farms: Turkmenistan
2 utility-scale facilities tracked by Global Energy Monitor (2026): 9 MW of solar and 0 MW of wind operating, plus 0 MW under construction or planned.
See them on the mapLargest solar & wind farms: Turkmenistan →
How does Turkmenistan compare?
Turkmenistan next to 6 neighbouring countries, plus regional and world averages. Click a column to sort; use “Compare” for full side-by-side charts.
| Country | Renewable % | Low-carbon % | Fossil % | gCO₂/kWh | kWh / person | Generation TWh | Mix | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Turkmenistan | 0% | 0% | 100% | 1,306 | 4,405 | 33 | — | |
| Iran | 3.8% | 5.7% | 94.3% | 660 | 4,283 | 396 | Compare | |
| Kazakhstan | 14.9% | 14.9% | 85.1% | 805 | 5,934 | 124 | Compare | |
| Uzbekistan | 19.4% | 19.4% | 80.6% | 1,000 | 2,340 | 86.7 | Compare | |
| Afghanistan | 86.9% | 86.9% | 13.1% | 131 | 23 | 1 | Compare | |
| Tajikistan | 94.4% | 94.4% | 5.6% | 73 | 2,287 | 24.7 | Compare | |
| Azerbaijan | 12.1% | 12.1% | 87.9% | 632 | 2,702 | 28.1 | Compare | |
| Asia average | 27.3% | 32.1% | 67.9% | 573 | 3,749 | 18,015 | Compare | |
| World average | 33.8% | 42.6% | 57.4% | 458 | 3,860 | 31,772 | Compare |
Calculators for Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan energy: frequently asked questions
What percentage of electricity in Turkmenistan is renewable?
What is the main source of electricity in Turkmenistan?
How clean is the electricity in Turkmenistan?
Does Turkmenistan have nuclear power?
How much electricity does Turkmenistan use per person?
Does Turkmenistan import electricity?
More countries in Asia
Sources & references
- Our World in Data: Energy dataset (CC BY 4.0) — compiled from the sources below
- Ember: Yearly Electricity Data — generation, shares, carbon intensity
- Energy Institute: Statistical Review of World Energy — primary energy, fossil production
- U.S. Energy Information Administration: International Energy Data — gap-filling for smaller countries
- World Resources Institute: Global Power Plant Database v1.3 (CC BY 4.0) — power plant locations and capacity
Electricity data: Ember and Energy Institute Statistical Review via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0); latest year 2024. Power plants: WRI Global Power Plant Database (CC BY 4.0). Rankings exclude systems under 1 TWh and values older than 2020. Figures may be revised by the original publishers.