North Macedonia energy mix & electricity

Power plants in North Macedonia produced 6.8 TWh of electricity in 2025. That is similar to El Salvador. It is a notably diversified system: no single source supplies more than 31%, with coal (30.6%), solar power (23.8%) and hydropower (19.9%) all playing major roles.

Renewables supplied 47.2% of the electricity, which ranks North Macedonia 65th of 158 countries. This puts it 13 points above the world average of 33.8%. It is also above the average for Europe (41.6%). The carbon intensity of electricity is 441 g CO₂e/kWh; the global average is 458 g/kWh. That makes the grid somewhat cleaner than the world average. On carbon intensity, North Macedonia ranks 83rd of 158 from the cleanest.

Over the past decade solar power added more generation than any other source (+1.6 TWh since 2015, plus 23.4 percentage points of share). Meanwhile coal lost the most ground, down 1.2 TWh. Taken together, the renewable share rose by 11.3 percentage points over the decade. Total generation grew by 1.2 TWh over the same period. Carbon intensity dropped from 632 to 441 g/kWh, a 30% cut.

Coal is in clear retreat: its share fell from 58.4% in 2015 to 30.6% in 2025, after peaking at 89.7% back in 1990. In absolute terms, coal generation peaked in 1998 at 5.9 TWh and has since fallen 65%.

Wind and solar together provided 26.7% of electricity (solar 23.8%, wind 2.9%), compared with 17.3% worldwide. Per person, that is 893 kWh of solar electricity a year, 2.6× the global average. In solar electricity per person, North Macedonia ranks 15th in the world. Wind adds 110 kWh per person. Solar first passed 1% of the mix in 2022.

North Macedonia generates 3,760 kWh of electricity per resident each year, roughly the global average. Imports cover around 18% of demand: North Macedonia bought 1.5 TWh more electricity than it exported.