Luxembourg energy mix & electricity
In 2025, Luxembourg generated 1.5 TWh of electricity. The mix is unusually balanced. wind power leads with just 30.5%, closely followed by solar power (30.5%) and bioenergy (27.3%).
Electricity generation by source in 2025
Share of electricity generation by source, with the change in percentage points over the last ten years.
| Source | TWh | Share | 10-yr Δ pp |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wind | 0.47 | 30.5% | +23.1 |
| Solar | 0.47 | 30.5% | +23.1 |
| Bioenergy | 0.42 | 27.3% | +17.6 |
| Oil | 0.07 | 4.5% | −0.7 |
| Gas | 0.06 | 3.9% | −58.8 |
| Hydro | 0.05 | 3.2% | −4.2 |
| Total | 1.54 | 100% |
Luxembourg: electricity in context
In 2025, Luxembourg generated 1.5 TWh of electricity. That puts it in the same league as Martinique. The mix is unusually balanced. wind power leads with just 30.5%, closely followed by solar power (30.5%) and bioenergy (27.3%).
Renewables supplied 91.6% of the electricity, which ranks Luxembourg 15th of 158 countries (in the top quarter). That is 58 points above the world average of 33.8%. It is also above the average for Europe (41.6%). That beats the EU-27 average of 47.7%. Each kilowatt-hour emitted on average 123 g CO₂e, against a world average of 458 g. By world standards this is a very clean grid. In the cleanest-grid ranking, Luxembourg is 27th of 158.
Since 2015, the fastest-growing source has been wind power: its output rose by 370 GWh, lifting its share by 23.1 percentage points. Natural gas moved the other way, falling by 780 GWh. The net effect: renewables gained 59.5 percentage points of share since 2015. Total generation grew by 200 GWh over the same period. Carbon intensity dropped from 269 to 123 g/kWh, a 54% cut.
Coal has essentially never been burned for electricity here: its share has stayed below 1% throughout the record.
Solar (30.5%) and wind (30.5%) now add up to 61% of generation; the global figure is 17.3%. Per person, that is 691 kWh of solar electricity a year, 2× the global average. In solar electricity per person, Luxembourg ranks 27th in the world. Wind adds 691 kWh per person, the 25th-highest figure of 156 countries. Solar first passed 1% of the mix in 2011.
Generation per person is 2,263 kWh a year, 59% of the world average of 3,860 kWh. Luxembourg is a net importer of electricity, buying 5.2 TWh more than it sells, about 77% of its demand.
How the power mix has changed
Electricity generation by source since 1990. Switch to shares to see the structural shift independent of demand growth.
Renewables and carbon intensity
Luxembourg against the world, Europe and EU-27 averages.
Total energy: beyond electricity
Primary energy covers transport, heating and industry too. Renewables supply 14.3% of primary energy and fossil fuels 85.7% (2024). Per person, that is 59,048 kWh a year (world: 21,654).
Substitution method: non-fossil electricity is converted to the primary energy a fossil plant would have needed.
Power plants in Luxembourg
The 2 power plants recorded in Luxembourg add up to 1.7 GW of capacity, 77% of it Hydro. The largest is Vianden Pumped Storage Power Plant Luxembourg at 1,296 MW. The database was last updated in 2021, so newer wind and solar farms and rooftop PV are under-represented.
Largest power plants
| # | Plant | Fuel | Capacity MW | Commissioned | Owner |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Vianden Pumped Storage Power Plant Luxembourg | Hydro | 1,296 | — | — |
| 2 | Esch-sur-Alzette CCGT Power Plant Luxembourg | Gas | 385 | — | — |
Source: WRI Global Power Plant Database v1.3 (CC BY 4.0). Explore all 2 plants on the interactive power plant map.
Solar & wind farms: Luxembourg
58 utility-scale facilities tracked by Global Energy Monitor (2026): 101 MW of solar and 132 MW of wind operating, plus 88 MW under construction or planned.
How does Luxembourg compare?
Luxembourg next to 6 neighbouring countries, plus regional and world averages. Click a column to sort; use “Compare” for full side-by-side charts.
| Country | Renewable % | Low-carbon % | Fossil % | gCO₂/kWh | kWh / person | Generation TWh | Mix | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Luxembourg | 91.6% | 91.6% | 8.4% | 123 | 2,263 | 1.5 | — | |
| France | 26.1% | 94.9% | 5.1% | 41 | 8,552 | 570 | Compare | |
| Germany | 59.1% | 59.1% | 40.9% | 330 | 5,953 | 500 | Compare | |
| Belgium | 38.9% | 72% | 28% | 150 | 6,199 | 72.9 | Compare | |
| Netherlands | 51.2% | 54.2% | 45.8% | 254 | 7,356 | 135 | Compare | |
| Switzerland | 67.8% | 97.7% | 2.3% | 39 | 7,251 | 65 | Compare | |
| Austria | 83.6% | 83.6% | 16.4% | 117 | 8,034 | 73.2 | Compare | |
| Europe average | 41.6% | 62% | 38% | 271 | 6,203 | 4,626 | Compare | |
| European Union (EU-27) average | 47.7% | 71.1% | 28.9% | 210 | 6,230 | 2,797 | Compare | |
| World average | 33.8% | 42.6% | 57.4% | 458 | 3,860 | 31,772 | Compare |
Calculators for Luxembourg
Luxembourg energy: frequently asked questions
What percentage of electricity in Luxembourg is renewable?
What is the main source of electricity in Luxembourg?
How clean is the electricity in Luxembourg?
Does Luxembourg have nuclear power?
How much electricity does Luxembourg use per person?
How much solar power does Luxembourg produce?
Does Luxembourg import electricity?
More countries in Europe
Sources & references
- Our World in Data: Energy dataset (CC BY 4.0) — compiled from the sources below
- Ember: Yearly Electricity Data — generation, shares, carbon intensity
- Energy Institute: Statistical Review of World Energy — primary energy, fossil production
- U.S. Energy Information Administration: International Energy Data — gap-filling for smaller countries
- World Resources Institute: Global Power Plant Database v1.3 (CC BY 4.0) — power plant locations and capacity
Electricity data: Ember and Energy Institute Statistical Review via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0); latest year 2025. Power plants: WRI Global Power Plant Database (CC BY 4.0). Rankings exclude systems under 1 TWh and values older than 2020. Figures may be revised by the original publishers.