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Country energy profile · Western Asia · latest data 2024

Bahrain energy mix & electricity

In 2024, Bahrain generated 38 TWh of electricity. The supply is almost entirely natural gas, which accounted for 99.7% of generation; solar power made up most of the remainder (0.3%).

Gas 99.7%
Renewable electricity
0.3%
0.3% low-carbon incl. nuclear
#154 of 158
Carbon intensity
902g/kWh
World 458 g
#156 of 158 cleanest
Electricity per person
23,615kWh
World 3,860 kWh
#3 of 158
Generation
38TWh
+10.7 TWh vs 2014
#65 of 213
Net imports
0.49TWh
1% of demand
#63 of 80 importers

Electricity generation by source in 2024

Share of electricity generation by source, with the change in percentage points over the last ten years.

Bahrain electricity mix 2024
SourceTWhShare10-yr Δ pp
Gas37.8599.7%−0.2
Solar0.10.3%+0.2
Total37.95100%

Bahrain: electricity in context

In 2024, Bahrain generated 38 TWh of electricity. That is similar to Bulgaria. The supply is almost entirely natural gas, which accounted for 99.7% of generation; solar power made up most of the remainder (0.3%).

0.3% of the country’s power came from renewable sources: 154th of 158 countries (in the bottom quarter). This puts it 33 points below the world average of 33.8%. It is also below the average for Asia (27.3%). Generating one kWh emits about 902 g CO₂e here (world average: 458 g). Few grids in the world emit more per kilowatt-hour. On carbon intensity, Bahrain ranks 156th of 158 from the cleanest.

The decade’s big winner is natural gas, up 10.6 TWh between 2014 and 2024 (plus 0.2 percentage points of the mix). Overall, the renewable share has barely moved over ten years (a change of under one percentage point).

Coal has never been part of the power mix in Bahrain in any meaningful way.

Wind and solar remain marginal in Bahrain, together supplying under 1% of electricity.

Bahrain generates 23,615 kWh of electricity per resident each year, 6.1 times the global average. Cross-border trade is roughly balanced.

How the power mix has changed

Electricity generation by source since 2000. Switch to shares to see the structural shift independent of demand growth.

Electricity generation by source, 2000–2024

Renewables and carbon intensity

Bahrain against the world and Asia averages.

Renewable share of electricity (%)
Carbon intensity (g CO₂e/kWh)
Solar and wind share of electricity since 2000 (%)

Total energy: beyond electricity

Primary energy covers transport, heating and industry too. Per person, that is 164,930 kWh a year (world: 21,654).

Fossil fuel production (TWh)

Domestic extraction of coal, gas and oil, in energy terms.

Power plants in Bahrain

The WRI Global Power Plant Database lists 8 utility-scale plants in Bahrain with a combined capacity of 7.6 GW. Gas plants account for the largest slice (100% of listed capacity). The biggest single plant is Alba Power Station (2,204 MW, Gas). The database was last updated in 2021, so newer wind and solar farms and rooftop PV are under-represented.

Listed capacity by fuel (MW)
Map of the largest plants loads when you scroll here…

Largest power plants

#PlantFuelCapacity MWCommissionedOwner
1Alba Power StationGas2,204—Aluminum Bahrain
2Al Dur Power and WaterGas1,5402012Al Dur Power & Water Company
3Sitra Power an Water StationGas1,205——
4Hidd Power and Water station 1Gas9631999International Power PLC Sumitomo Corporation Suez Tractebel
5Al Ezzel Power StationGas9622007Gulf Investment Corporation Suez Tractebel Pension Fund of Bahrain
6Rifa'a Power StationGas700——
7Hawar Power ad Water StationOil71985—
8AwaliSolar5——

Source: WRI Global Power Plant Database v1.3 (CC BY 4.0). Explore all 8 plants on the interactive power plant map.

Solar & wind farms: Bahrain

14 utility-scale facilities tracked by Global Energy Monitor (2026): 12 MW of solar and 0 MW of wind operating, plus 2.5 GW under construction or planned.

See them on the mapLargest solar & wind farms: Bahrain →

How does Bahrain compare?

Bahrain next to 6 neighbouring countries, plus regional and world averages. Click a column to sort; use “Compare” for full side-by-side charts.

CountryRenewable %Low-carbon %Fossil % gCO₂/kWhkWh / personGeneration TWhMix
Bahrain 0.3% 0.3% 99.7% 902 23,615 38 —
Qatar 4.1% 4.1% 95.9% 582 18,030 56.2 Compare
United Arab Emirates 8.8% 31.7% 68.3% 468 16,075 177 Compare
Saudi Arabia 2.2% 2.2% 97.8% 692 13,386 455 Compare
Kuwait 2.2% 2.2% 97.8% 635 18,402 92.5 Compare
Iran 3.8% 5.7% 94.3% 660 4,283 396 Compare
Oman 4.5% 4.5% 95.5% 544 9,617 52.8 Compare
Asia average 27.3% 32.1% 67.9% 573 3,749 18,015 Compare
World average 33.8% 42.6% 57.4% 458 3,860 31,772 Compare

Calculators for Bahrain

Bahrain energy: frequently asked questions

What percentage of electricity in Bahrain is renewable?
In 2024, 0.3% of the electricity in Bahrain came from renewable sources. The world average is 33.8%. Bahrain ranks 154th of 158 countries; see the full ranking.
What is the main source of electricity in Bahrain?
Natural gas is the largest source of electricity in Bahrain, providing 99.7% of generation in 2024, followed by solar power (0.3%).
How clean is the electricity in Bahrain?
Electricity in Bahrain has a carbon intensity of about 902 g CO₂-equivalent per kWh (2024), against a world average of 458 g/kWh. That is very carbon-intensive. Charging an electric car that uses 15 kWh/100 km therefore emits around 135 g CO₂e per km from electricity.
Does Bahrain have nuclear power?
No. Bahrain generated no nuclear electricity in 2024; its low-carbon electricity comes entirely from renewable sources (0.3% of generation).
How much electricity does Bahrain use per person?
Bahrain generates about 23,615 kWh of electricity per person per year (2024), compared with a world average of 3,860 kWh. Including all fuels for transport, heating and industry, primary energy use is about 164,930 kWh per person.
How much solar power does Bahrain produce?
Solar panels produced 100 GWh in 2024, 0.3% of the electricity in Bahrain. The solar share is up 0.2 percentage points in ten years. You can estimate what a rooftop system would produce at your address with our solar panel calculator.
Does Bahrain import electricity?
Yes. Bahrain was a net importer in 2024, importing 490 GWh more electricity than it exported.

More countries in Asia

Sources & references

  1. Our World in Data: Energy dataset (CC BY 4.0) — compiled from the sources below
  2. Ember: Yearly Electricity Data — generation, shares, carbon intensity
  3. Energy Institute: Statistical Review of World Energy — primary energy, fossil production
  4. U.S. Energy Information Administration: International Energy Data — gap-filling for smaller countries
  5. World Resources Institute: Global Power Plant Database v1.3 (CC BY 4.0) — power plant locations and capacity

Electricity data: Ember and Energy Institute Statistical Review via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0); latest year 2024. Power plants: WRI Global Power Plant Database (CC BY 4.0). Rankings exclude systems under 1 TWh and values older than 2020. Figures may be revised by the original publishers.