Malta energy mix & electricity
Electricity generation in Malta reached 2.2 TWh in 2025. Natural gas provides 83.1% of it. Few countries depend so heavily on a single source.
Electricity generation by source in 2025
Share of electricity generation by source, with the change in percentage points over the last ten years.
| Source | TWh | Share | 10-yr Δ pp |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gas | 1.82 | 83.1% | +83.1 |
| Solar | 0.34 | 15.5% | +8.6 |
| Oil | 0.02 | 0.9% | −91.4 |
| Bioenergy | 0.01 | 0.5% | −0.3 |
| Total | 2.19 | 100% |
Malta: electricity in context
Electricity generation in Malta reached 2.2 TWh in 2025. That puts it in the same league as Bahamas. Natural gas provides 83.1% of it. Few countries depend so heavily on a single source.
Renewables supplied 16% of the electricity, which ranks Malta 121st of 158 countries (in the bottom quarter). That is 18 points below the world average of 33.8%. It is also below the average for Europe (41.6%). The EU-27 average is higher, at 47.7%. Each kilowatt-hour emitted on average 484 g CO₂e, against a world average of 458 g. The grid is more carbon-intensive than the world average. In the cleanest-grid ranking, Malta is 93rd of 158.
The decade’s big winner is natural gas, up 1.8 TWh between 2015 and 2025 (plus 83.1 percentage points of the mix). Oil moved the other way, falling by 1.2 TWh. The net effect: renewables gained 8.3 percentage points of share since 2015. Total generation grew by 890 GWh over the same period. Carbon intensity dropped from 608 to 484 g/kWh, a 20% cut.
Coal is effectively gone from the grid, down from a peak of 55.9% in 1990.
Solar (15.5%) and wind (0%) now add up to 15.5% of generation; the global figure is 17.3%. Per person, that is 623 kWh of solar electricity a year, 1.8× the global average. In solar electricity per person, Malta ranks 30th in the world. Solar first passed 1% of the mix in 2013.
Generation per person is 4,015 kWh a year, close to the world average of 3,860 kWh. Malta is a net importer of electricity, buying 1 TWh more than it sells, about 32% of its demand.
How the power mix has changed
Electricity generation by source since 1990. Switch to shares to see the structural shift independent of demand growth.
Renewables and carbon intensity
Malta against the world, Europe and EU-27 averages.
Solar & wind farms: Malta
10 utility-scale facilities tracked by Global Energy Monitor (2026): 19 MW of solar and 0 MW of wind operating, plus 300 MW under construction or planned.
How does Malta compare?
Malta next to 6 neighbouring countries, plus regional and world averages. Click a column to sort; use “Compare” for full side-by-side charts.
| Country | Renewable % | Low-carbon % | Fossil % | gCO₂/kWh | kWh / person | Generation TWh | Mix | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Malta | 16% | 16% | 84% | 484 | 4,015 | 2.2 | — | |
| Tunisia | 4% | 4% | 96% | 560 | 1,807 | 22.3 | Compare | |
| Albania | 100% | 100% | 0% | 25 | 2,987 | 8.3 | Compare | |
| Greece | 49.7% | 49.7% | 50.3% | 315 | 5,863 | 58.3 | Compare | |
| Italy | 48.8% | 48.8% | 51.2% | 285 | 4,475 | 265 | Compare | |
| Montenegro | 75.6% | 75.6% | 24.4% | 264 | 3,888 | 2.5 | Compare | |
| North Macedonia | 47.2% | 47.2% | 52.8% | 441 | 3,760 | 6.8 | Compare | |
| Europe average | 41.6% | 62% | 38% | 271 | 6,203 | 4,626 | Compare | |
| European Union (EU-27) average | 47.7% | 71.1% | 28.9% | 210 | 6,230 | 2,797 | Compare | |
| World average | 33.8% | 42.6% | 57.4% | 458 | 3,860 | 31,772 | Compare |
Calculators for Malta
Malta energy: frequently asked questions
What percentage of electricity in Malta is renewable?
What is the main source of electricity in Malta?
How clean is the electricity in Malta?
Does Malta have nuclear power?
How much electricity does Malta use per person?
How much solar power does Malta produce?
Does Malta import electricity?
More countries in Europe
Sources & references
- Our World in Data: Energy dataset (CC BY 4.0) — compiled from the sources below
- Ember: Yearly Electricity Data — generation, shares, carbon intensity
- Energy Institute: Statistical Review of World Energy — primary energy, fossil production
- U.S. Energy Information Administration: International Energy Data — gap-filling for smaller countries
- World Resources Institute: Global Power Plant Database v1.3 (CC BY 4.0) — power plant locations and capacity
Electricity data: Ember and Energy Institute Statistical Review via Our World in Data (CC BY 4.0); latest year 2025. Power plants: WRI Global Power Plant Database (CC BY 4.0). Rankings exclude systems under 1 TWh and values older than 2020. Figures may be revised by the original publishers.